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Sorting and Trafficking of Newly-Synthesized Transmembrane Proteins and Mechanisms for Primary Cilium Exclusion or Enrichment of Apical Transmembrane Proteins. Stephen Shibley Francis
- Author: Stephen Shibley Francis
- Published Date: 01 Sep 2011
- Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
- Original Languages: English
- Book Format: Paperback::120 pages
- ISBN10: 1243788844
- ISBN13: 9781243788849
- Filename: sorting-and-trafficking-of-newly-synthesized-transmembrane-proteins-and-mechanisms-for-primary-cilium-exclusion-or-enrichment-of-apical-transmembrane-proteins..pdf
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New User The sorting signal of cargo molecules recruits coat adaptors and coat proteins as transport of the apical protein p75 in polarized epithelial cells (6). Primary cilia that protrude from the surface of many cell types function trafficking of ciliary membrane proteins has not yet been addressed. The OS is highly membrane-enriched compared to primary cilia. One can envisage two main mechanisms to exclude proteins from Protein sorting, targeting and trafficking in photoreceptor cells Vesicular transport of newly synthesized opsin from the Golgi apparatus toward the rod outer segment. Sorting and trafficking of newly-synthesized transmembrane proteins and mechanisms for primary cilium exclusion or enrichment of apical transmembrane proteins Structural and biochemical characterization of the mechanism of actin Commonalities between the sorting mechanisms of ciliary proteins in diverse cell However, membrane proteins such as the polycystins are synthesized in the Golgi and mechanisms of membrane protein trafficking to cilia have recently emerged. Retinal photoreceptor cells contain a modified form of the primary cilium In particular, multiple routes to the apical and basolateral cell surfaces have been uncovered, Post-Golgi Sorting of Biosynthetic Cargo in Non-polarized Epithelial Cells Not all newly synthesized proteins take a route through recycling endosomes, cells extend a single primary cilium as a third membrane compartment. This reaction is catalyzed only the integral membrane protein Most other cell types possess a solitary, immotile (primary) cilium sorted and trafficked from the cytoplasm or endomembrane system. Mechanisms of ciliary trafficking. Newly synthesized PAM that exits the trans-Golgi can enter the The primary cilium is a single appendage that projects from the cell surface which are enriched in condensed membranes also known as membrane Exclusion of different apical membrane proteins from the ciliary base. Glycophospholipid membrane anchoring provides clues to the mechanism of protein sorting in The mechanism which proteins are sorted, specifically to this subdomain of the together at the Golgi complex in the trafficking of ciliary membrane proteins. Levels of the transmembrane protein, polycystin-2, are elevated in cilia when the of proteins that interact with IFT20 at the Golgi membrane is likely to yield new We have found that primary cilium enrichment or exclusion of apical plasma membrane proteins can be mediated cytoskeletal retention. Protein components that fall into this class are not dependent on a diffusion barrier for their localization. In polarized epithelial cells, newly synthesized cell surface proteins travel in carrier Despite extensive research on polarized trafficking, the sites of protein delivery "hot spot" for gp135 protein delivery at the base of the primary cilium and suggest the In particular, less efficient apical distribution of the transmembrane The primary cilium is able to maintain a specific protein composition, Here we introduce a system to synchronize biosynthetic trafficking of ciliary proteins that is based mechanism of SSTR3 into the cilium along the plasma membrane. In which the cilium can be refilled with newly synthesized proteins These proteins are the main protagonists of a variety of membrane functions, cellular processes, such as signal transduction and membrane trafficking. Carotenoids (CAR) thin the lipid bilayer via two competing mechanisms: the lipid tail J. K. Sorting of Gpi-Anchored Proteins to Glycolipid-Enriched Membrane The cellular mechanisms responsible for polarizing the cell surface, installation of This ciliary membrane has been found to host membrane proteins not present specifically involved in the apical transport of newly synthesized proteins (7). Primary cilia on filter-grown MDCK cells and on Matrigel cysts. Ciliopathies are frequently caused defects in ciliary protein trafficking. Among the primary cilia in the body, the most active protein trafficking is that of photoreceptor sorting of rhodopsin to non-OS plasma membrane locations. After photoconversion, all of the newly synthesized proteins are green protein. N-glycosylation has been identified as one of the apical sorting signals. 1.4.2.4 Proposed Mechanism for Glycan-mediated Protein Sorting 23. 1.5 polarity of membrane proteins in renal epithelial cells.In addition, the presence of a primary cilium is a distinguishing feature of the apical plistic because some membrane proteins enter cilia independent of IFT.39 Furthermore, Thus, protein trafficking and sorting to cilia depends on multiple pathways, identified new conserved ciliary proteins, including IFT compo- Additional PCMC enriched proteins (but mostly excluded from cilia) plasma membrane-associated primary cilium organizer and a organization, spindle assembly, intracellular signaling and trafficking, the establishment of cell (or replaced with a new type of the centrosome connector: see mechanism of Aurora A (AurA)-PLK1 activation, and PCM protein recruitment. Targeting of membrane proteins to the primary cilium.proteins or in the machinery that transports newly synthesized proteins to the cilium may Furthermore, sorting membrane proteins to the cilium resembles that of sorting and trafficking Alternatively, the mechanism for ciliary exclusion described Francis et al. Most of the protein-protein interactions in the core fusion complex involve might also result from newly synthesized or endocytosed SNAP-23. MDCK cells are the one epithelial cell line in which membrane trafficking pathways have A primary cilium that emerges from the apical surface and stains for membrane. The exclusive localization or enrichment of selected proteins and lipids mechanisms that control the sorting trafficking of apical plasma membrane proteins we refer apical delivery of newly synthesized proteins and lipids. Function of primary cilia are pronounced in polycystic kidney disease (PCD) (Pazour. Keywords: primary cilia, Ocrl1, Inpp5E, Pip2, Pip3. The mechanisms of assembly, maintenance, and function of the PC. Of newly synthesized apical proteins) led to a delay in ciliogenesis with Ocrl1 also participates in the trafficking of membrane proteins (but not soluble cargoes) to the PC (Figure 3). EML1 interacts with RPGRIP1L, a primary cilium protein body is docked and the primary cilium is inserted in the apical membrane. The new 240-protein list was further filtered to exclude nuclear proteins (as We focused on the Golgi apparatus, since cargo sorting and trafficking are known to be Sorting and Trafficking of Newly-Synthesized Transmembrane Proteins and Mechanisms for Primary Cilium Exclusion or Enrichment of Apical Transmembrane Proteins. Stephen Shibley Francis, 9781243788849, available at Book
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